Moreover, the novel potent PAR2 antagonist punicalagin significantly ameliorated kidney injury and splenomegaly and reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in NZB/W F1 lupus mice [92]. Here, ICAM1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.