Exosomes derived from the urine of patients with high-grade bladder cancer contain bioactive molecules such as EGF-like repeats and discoidin I-like domain 3 (EDIL-3), which can promote angiogenesis and bladder cancer cell migration by activating the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway [128]. Here, EGFR is linked to urinary bladder cancer.