VEGFA and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Exosomal miR-3157-3p from non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells promotes pre-metastatic niche formation, angiogenesis, and increased vascular permeability by targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)/KLF2, which regulates the expression of VEGF, MMP2, MMP9, and occludin in ECs [103].