In the central nervous system, high levels of TNF-α can promote inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-mediated neuronal apoptosis, directly oxidize lipids and proteins in the process of neuroinflammation, cause microglia to release cytotoxic substances such as NO and oxygen free radicals, aggravate the neurotoxicity of microglia, promote motor neuron apoptosis, and induce ALS [24]. The gene discussed is NOS2; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.