The role of PFKFB3 in disease mechanisms is perhaps best characterized by the development of cancer [62], but increasing evidence supports the important roles of PFKFB3 in major vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis [63], pulmonary hypertension [64], diabetic retinopathy [65], and angiogenesis [21]. This evidence concerns the gene PFKFB3 and diabetic retinopathy.