Preclinical studies show that sorafenib effectively reverses the expression of fibrosis-related genes and modulates key biological pathways in the TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis rat model, particularly those involved in inflammation, immune response, and tissue remodeling, underscoring its potential as an effective therapeutic intervention for pulmonary fibrosis [53]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis.