Isolinderalactone and formononetin can alleviate effectively ALI/ARDS by activating the Nrf2 signal pathway in macrophages, in which isolinderalactone can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway in macrophages while activating the Nrf2 signal pathway, and formononetin can reverse the decrease in the polarization of M2 macrophages in hyperoxia-induced ALI [66,75]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.