Even though studies of the AML erythroid OCIM2 cell line suggest that downregulation of NUP214 protects AML cells from apoptosis through altered nucleocytoplasmic balance of NF-κB [77], it seems justified to suggest the hypothesis that the role of NUP-containing fusion proteins in leukemogenesis seems to mainly depend on the fusion partner (e.g., altered transcriptional regulation) rather than modulation of Exportin 1 activity. This evidence concerns the gene XPO1 and acute myeloid leukemia.