In addition, although PD-L1 protein expression has not been consistently associated with immunotherapy outcomes in HCC, we identified that PD-L1 protein expression in immune cells was associated with complete response.4,8,14 Further studies are needed to corroborate our results given the relatively small sample size of patients in this study with molecular profiling data, but these findings suggest that ctDNA and immune PD-L1 protein expression may be used as stratification markers of tumors with exquisite and prolonged sensitivity to immunotherapies. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.