These results obtained using a 3D growth model, add value to and further support what was previously published by our group in melanoma cell lines, in which ERK5 (JWG-071 and XMD8-92) or MEK5 (BIX02189) inhibitors synergize with SMO or GLI inhibitors (MRT-92 and GANT61) in reducing colony formation ability and proliferation in 2D cultures [14]. Here, GLI1 is linked to melanoma.