In healthy individuals, physical inactivity (bed rest) for only 3 to 5 days was associated with hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance (50% increase in HOMA-IR and 15% decrease in the insulin sensitivity index after OGTT), blood flow decreases in forearm muscles (venous occlusion plethysmography and ultrasound), and increases in blood triglycerides and systolic blood pressure, while blood levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and adiponectin remained unchanged (316). Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.