It offers a comprehensive and up-to-date review of RCTs that assess the effects of dietary fiber supplementation on a broad range of uremic toxins (including PCS, IS, TMAO, BUN, and uric acid) and inflammatory biomarkers (including IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP) in CKD patients with or without dialysis. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is chronic kidney disease.