INS and diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind study conducted on 21 subjects (10 normal weight and 11 obese) aimed to verify whether the ingestion of probiotics could modify the intestinal microbiota and influence insulin resistance and the development of diabetes, hypothesizing that the daily intake of Lactobacillus reuteri increases insulin sensitivity by modifying the release of cytokines and insulin secretion itself through the modulation of the release of glucagon-like peptides (GLPs)-1 and -2.