Although these analyses did not confirm the role of CD8+ TEMRA cells in the early pre-clinical phase of AD, the fact that changes in immune cell composition associated with AD or ALS are likely to precede the clinical onset of these diseases by years prompted us to investigate early immune cell alterations more comprehensively, using the same cohort as in our previous study [6]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.