In addition, abundant pre-clinical evidence had also emerged to demonstrate the efficacy of neutralizing antibodies against TGF-β1 or all isoforms - their use attenuated kidney injury or fibrosis development in models of glomerulonephritis 143, 144, DKD in type 1 and type 2 diabetes 90, 145, 146, glomerular injury in salt-sensitive hypertension 147, puromycin aminonucleoside nephropathy (PAN)148, UUO- or cyclosporin A-induced tubular injury and fibrosis 149-152, and chronic allograft rejection 153. Here, TGFB1 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.