Specifically, 8 mediators showed strong evidence of genetic correlation with AF risk after FDR correction: IL-17 (IVW β: 0.047 SD; 95% CI: 0.014-0.08), Vitamin C (IVW β: -0.264 SD; 95% CI: -0.472 to -0.056), hypertension (IVW OR: 2.756 SD; 95% CI: 2.273-3.342), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (IVW β: 0.015 SD; 95% CI: 0.011-0.019), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (IVW β: 0.023 SD; 95% CI: 0.015-0.031), heart rate variability (IVW β: 0.276 SD; 95% CI: 0.086-0.466), weight (IVW β: 0.5 SD; 95% CI: 0.437-0.563), and coronary atherosclerosis (IVW OR: 3.565 SD; 95% CI: 1.50-8.472). Here, IL17A is linked to atrial fibrillation.