PLD2 and endothelial dysfunction: AChE and DGKZ directly modulate smooth muscle function (Jewulski et al., 2021), while NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to endothelial dysfunction and smooth muscle cell pyroptosis (Bai et al., 2020; Pang et al., 2022), and PLD2 is involved in angiotensin generation (Parmentier et al., 2001).