In pancreatic cancer, immunomodulatory cationic antimicrobial peptide 18/LL-37 (hCAP-18/LL-37) on TAM, anchors the formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) and the P2X purinoceptor 7 receptor (P2X7R) expressed on pancreatic cancer cells, which lead to the activation of stemness genes (i.e. KLF4, SOX2, OCT3/4 and NANOG) driving CSC self-renewal, invasion, tumorigenicity (198). This evidence concerns the gene KLF4 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.