EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: TKIs, such as erlotinib, gefitinib, and osimertinib, which target EGFR mutations in NSCLC brain metastasis, have demonstrated response rates exceeding 50%, effectively extending median survival.408–410 In cases of brain metastasis associated with ALK rearrangement in NSCLC, alectinib, ceritinib, and brigatinib, which demonstrate effective penetration of the BBB, show promise and warrant further investigation.411–413