FGF2 is crucial in various biological processes, including tissue repair, fibroblast proliferation, and angiogenesis.31 Preliminary investigations have reported elevated serum levels of FGF2 in CD patients with intestinal strictures, suggesting its potential involvement in fibrogenesis.32 Our study provides cellular-level evidence implicating FGF2 in CD intestinal fibrosis, likely regulating fibroblast activation, extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This evidence concerns the gene FGF2 and Cowden disease.