HDAC1 and Hepatic fibrosis: HDAC1 encodes an epigenetic master regulator recently linked to stricturing Crohn’s disease, suggesting potential for HDAC1 inhibitor therapy to reverse fibrosis-associated epigenetic changes.38 While AKAP11, encoding a structural protein binding the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A, has not been directly associated with fibrosis, targeting another protein in the same family, AKAP12, has shown promise in liver fibrosis inhibition,39 indicating potential for AKAP11 in intestinal fibrosis.