Transcriptomic analysis confirmed that the IBD Chips expressed lower levels of most mucins than Healthy Chips under all conditions, and that while expression of MUC-1,4,12,13,17,3A,5AC, and 5B increased in Healthy Chips exposed to mechanical strain, only MUC5AC and MUC13 increased in the IBD Chips (Fig. 2C). Here, MUC13 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.