The direct application of D2T-RA criteria in the context of SpA may present several limitations due to significant differences between the two diseases.11 Furthermore, in rheumatoid arthritis there are currently several classes of targeted treatment with differing modes of action,12 while in axSpA, only three are currently available (anti-TNF, anti-IL17, JAKi).13 Here, TNF is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.