The finding that MEOX2 and GLI-1 modulate the protein levels of the EGFR oncogene, combined with previous reports linking MEOX2 and GLI-1 to proliferation control in lung cancer prompted us to investigate in vivo lung cancer progression (nu-/nu- mice), and response to EGFR-TKIs, specifically focusing on the effects of the TKI-erlotinib on the erlotinib-resistant lung cancer A549 cell line. This evidence concerns the gene GLI1 and lung cancer.