The enrichment of inflammatory pathways such as Th1/Th2 cell differentiation and intestinal IgA production indicates adaptive immune actuation, particularly as a ‘type 2’ response dominates during helminth infections in non-permissive hosts (Allen and Maizels 2011, Peng et al. 2012, Yu et al. 2015, Jhan et al. 2021). This evidence concerns the gene CD79A and helminthiasis.