TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis: Studies have reported that the occurrence of ALD involves multiple cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β, etc., with significantly elevated expression levels, indicating a severe inflammatory response in the liver, stimulating stellate cells to transform into fibroblasts, leading to liver fibrosis (Xiang et al., 2020; Arab et al., 2020).