Notably, cinchonine, a natural compound, exerted simultaneous inhibitory effects on these pathways (i.e., it significantly downregulated gene expression of Srepbf1, Galr1, and Galr2 in fat tissue), resulting in reduced adipogenesis and mitigated obesity (Jung et al., 2012). The gene discussed is GALR1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.