However, in prostatic cancer (Zhao et al., 2024[355]; Hu et al., 2024[82]), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (Xu et al., 2022[310]; Shen et al., 2022[208]; Strick et al., 2020[218]; Zhuang et al., 2019[378]), and breast cancer (Xu et al., 2020[309]; Ni et al., 2024[177]; Ou et al., 2022[182]; Yan et al., 2024[312]), FTO has a dual pro-cancer and anti-carcinogenic role, or the current role is controversial. The gene discussed is FTO; the disease is clear cell renal carcinoma.