The Nrf2/HO-1 pathway exerts functions in suppressing inflammation, oxidation stress, and cell death.47 Of note, the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation depresses NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis in various diseases, including periodontitis, acute lung injury, and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion damage.48–50 In addition, another study unveiled that upregulated Nrf2 and HO-1 were involved in the antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin extract in rats with EMs.51 Therefore, the mitigating effect of TMP on EMs might be achieved by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is acute lung injury.