It is important to note that FTY720-NOB-PLGANPs inhibited LPS-induced p38 phosphorylation but did not affect JNK(Supplementary Figure 8), unlike anotherstudy showing that bacterial infection-induced lung injury activatesNF-κB expression via the upstream pathways of p38 and JNK.38 In Supplementary Figure 6, we further demonstrated cellular uptake of FTY720-NOB-PLGA(Cy5)in distinct immune cell populations. The gene discussed is MAPK8; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.