Moreover, in IDC paths #1 and #2, marker genes for endothelial cells (VWF and PECAM1), lymphocytes (CD4), macrophages (CD68), chemokines (CXCL12 and CCL5), and chemokine receptors (CXCR4) were expressed highly at the intermediate stages of cancer progression. The gene discussed is CCL5; the disease is cancer.