CD4 and mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a: Table 1 shows demographic characteristics of patients included in the analysis, 68.5% were female, median age was 33.5 years (IQR 27–41), median CD4 count was 277 cells/μL (IQR 149–452), and median follow-up was 41 months (IQR 12–82). CD4 counts rose over the years, peaking in 2016 before stabilizing, with men showing lower counts than women (S1 Fig). The proportion of patients with AHD declined from 62% in 2008 to 25% in 2019 but has remained constant among ART-naïve patients since 2017 (Fig 2).