Considering the key gene modules of RPL and EMs were enriched in cancer-related KEGG pathways, such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, cell cycle, and Wnt signaling pathway, etc., which indicate the innate linkage of these diseases and the pathogenesis of cancer, we next analyzed the expression of three core genes in various types of cancer by the TIMER2.0 database (Supplementary Figure S3A–C). Here, TP53 is linked to cancer.