Suppresses gluconeogenesis, inhibits lipogenic genes (FAS, ACC1, SREBP-1c), enhances fatty acid oxidation (via PGC-1α and CPT1A), reduces cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis (via p53 and caspase-3), potentially protects against diabetes, fatty liver, and hepatoma. This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and hepatocellular carcinoma.