The pivotal role of IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in controlling Mtb infection is corroborated by the higher susceptibility to TB disease of the individuals treated with immunosuppressive therapies like TNF-α inhibitors (28–30), or individuals with innate defects of the IL-12/IFN-γ axis (31–33), with HIV infection (34) or with primary immunodeficiencies associated with T-cell deficiency (35). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and congenital T-cell immunodeficiency.