CCL2 and endothelial dysfunction: It appears that C-1 mitigates the increase in aorta thickening of obese rats by affecting insulin resistance, adipokines hormones (leptin, adiponectin, resistin) and MCP-1,a chemokine Our results indicate that the treatment of obese rats with C-1 reduced insulin resistance which can contribute to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis via induction of hyperglycemia along with dyslipidemia that causes OS and inflammatory response58.