TLR4 and colorectal carcinoma: Firstly, ETBF upregulates the expression of histone demethylase JMJD2B through the TLR4-NFAT5 pathway, further removing the inhibitory H3K9me3 marker in the NANOG promoter region to trans activate NANOG, ultimately promoting CRC stemness.141 It also induces differentiation of type 17 helper T cells and promotes proliferation of CRC cells by downregulating the expression of miR-149-3p.