Furthermore, it has been observed that Anaerobic Peptostreptococcus activates Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4), resulting in elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which subsequently facilitate cell proliferation during the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) (Tsoi et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and colorectal cancer.