Since AD is characterized by a type 2 inflammation including M2 macrophage polarization (19) and activation of the IFN-γ/STAT1 and TLR2/4 pathways synergize in the control of S. aureus, we first determined whether M1 polarization of macrophages improves the control of S. aureus-infected macrophages of AD patients to the same extent as in healthy controls. This evidence concerns the gene STAT1 and Alzheimer disease.