Women with PCOS, adolescents and women with high lean body mass tend to have higher levels of DHEAS, IGF-1, leptin, insulin and GH, all of which may influence brain structure and the rate of brain atrophy.20-22,50,51 However, individuals with high BMI often have elevated adiposity and glucose levels, which is associated with low-grade inflammation. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Brain atrophy.