CCR2 and Myocardial fibrosis: Asymptomatic, antiretroviral-treated women with HIV exhibited increased myocardial fibrosis (ECV = 0.34 ± 0.06 vs. 0.29 ± 0.04, P = .002), reduced diastolic function (diastolic strain rate = 1.10 ± 0.23 s−1 vs. 1.39 ± 0.27 s−1, P = .003), and heightened systemic monocyte activation compared to HIV-uninfected women. Specific immune markers such as soluble CD163 and circulating inflammatory CD14+CD16+ monocyte CCR2 expression correlated with the degree of myocardial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction.