Recent studies, however, have brought attention to pathways not dependent on Aβ that are differentially influenced by ApoE, such as tau-driven neurodegeneration (Shi et al., 2017), microglial responses, and the risks associated with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) (Bras et al., 2014; Tsuang et al., 2013; Guerreiro et al., 2018), Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) (Tsuang et al., 2013; Huang et al., 2006; Irwin et al., 2012; Tropea et al., 2018) and the extent of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology in AD (Josephs et al., 2014; Wennberg et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and Alzheimer disease.