TNF and central nervous system cancer: As a result, it produces certain types of actions such as increased mitogenesis of glioma cells and endothelial cells and an antiapoptotic effect on glioma cells and stimulation of secretion of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in inflammatory and gliomas cells [33,40,41].