The primary aim of our study was to investigate the prognostic and predictive value of baseline and post-treatment levels of a panel of angiogenesis and immune-related markers, including serum vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), vascular endothelial growth factor-B (VEGF-B), soluble programmed cell death-1 (sPD-1), and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs. Here, VEGFB is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.