We herein aimed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the peripheral blood levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A and -B (VEGF-A and VEGF-B, respectively), soluble programmed cell death-1 (sPD-1), and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Here, VEGFB is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.