CSF2 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), produced by metastatic HCC cells, induces the activation of the Jak/Stat5β signaling pathway and transferrin synthesis in neutrophils, while lipocalin-2 released by neutrophils induces the activation of Src family kinases (SFKs), enhancing tumorigenesis [93,97].