RAC1 and head and neck cancer: Additional transcriptomic analyses using our in-house curated head and neck cancer-related metastasis gene list [29] revealed the upregulation of adenylate cyclase 1 (ADCY1) by RAC1-WT and gain-of-function mutants (G15S, A159V, K116N, and P29S, but not N39S) (fold-change (FC) > 1.5 vs. EGFP control; Figure 2F).