EGF and neoplasm: Although the pathogenesis of TP remains still largely unknown, it has been proposed that upregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), as well as the secretion of tumor growth factor α (TGF-α), insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) by tumor cells, can play a pivotal role [57,58].