PCSK9 and Hypoalbuminemia: Hypoalbuminemia and reduced oncotic pressure increase the transcription and synthesis of proteins produced by the liver, including apoB, apoE, apoCII, lipoprotein-a, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, angiopoietin-like proteins 3 and 4, and the enzyme Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9).