Modulation of the ERK pathway has been associated with PCa progression [48] and it has been widely reported that the inhibition of ERK activity can prevent tumour growth, induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and reduce metastasis in PCa [48,49,50]; similar effects were observed in other cancer types such as breast [51] and bladder cancer [52]. The gene discussed is MAPK1; the disease is neoplasm.