Each TLR ligand activates distinct but complementary pathways: LTA from Bacillus subtilis stimulates TLR2, triggering inflammatory pathways that increase TNFα secretion [33,34]; Poly(I:C), a synthetic viral dsRNA analogy, activates TLR3, enhancing antigen-presenting cell (APC) activity, inducing apoptosis of tumor cells, and promoting immune supportive macrophage phenotypes [34,35]; and R-848, an imidazoquinolinamine, acts on TLR7/8 (TLR7 in mice), activating innate immunity and inducing a Th1-mediated adaptive immunity [34,36,37]. The gene discussed is TLR7; the disease is neoplasm.