APOE and vitamin D deficiency: Factors related to a reduced incidence risk included higher levels of formal education, lower physical frailty (indicated by greater handgrip strength), and moderate alcohol consumption (compared to abstinence), whereas increased risk was found to be related to low socioeconomic status, having two APOE ε4 alleles, alcohol use disorder, social isolation, vitamin D deficiency, elevated C-reactive protein levels, hearing impairment, orthostatic hypotension, stroke, diabetes, heart disease, and depression [23].