PLD1 and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: The authors showed that in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells BCALM interacts with kinase adaptor proteins AKAP9 and AKAP1 which form complexes with protein kinases A and C; those kinases activate phospholipase D1 to produce phosphatidic acid which activates SHP-1 phosphatase, a negative regulator of BCR signaling.